The technology of molecular biology has had a major impact on every area of the life sciences, from medicine to ecology, so that knowledge of this area is now an essential component of degree programs in the biological and biomedical sciences. This is the foundation subject in molecular biology and provides a strong foundation in molecular biology for application in all fields of biology. It explores the structure of DNA, the mechanism of replication of DNA, genetic recombination and repair of DNA, transcription, translation, chromatin structure, comparison of eukaryotic and prokaryotic genome structure, the operon model, bacteriophage, viruses and techniques in recombinant DNA technology.